How to get high quality pipe elbow?
A pipe elbow is a type of piping that is bent at an angle or curve to allow straight pipes to be joined at an angle. The pipe elbow can be made from a variety of materials, from brass or cast iron to steel, alloy or plastic, and they are often threaded to allow other pipes to be joined to them. These corner fittings are often used in plumbing applications, but they can be used for other applications as well. The size and shape of the pipe elbow depends entirely on the user’s needs, and the materials used depend on the function of the piping unit.
Plumbing applications often necessitate the use of a pipe elbow. Since pipes do not always run straight, a pipe elbow may be necessary to allow water to flow around obstructions, through walls, or even to the outside of the house. The pipe elbow can come in different degrees of bend to allow for greater flexibility in piping options. In plumbing applications, the elbows are often joined to other piping pieces by screwing the pieces together with threads that are treated with plumber’s tape. This tape helps prevent leaks in the joints and also helps prevent the joints from loosening. Brass is a common choice of material for plumbing applications.
Other pipe elbow may be welded to the other pipes for a more permanent fixture. This is common when used on automobiles or heavy machinery. The elbows can be cut to length and then welded to straight pieces to form the desired shape. Exhaust systems on vehicles often require piping to run in between or around other parts of the car, so pipe elbows are used to accomplish the desired circuit. Stainless steel or other types of steel are common choices for automobile applications.
Elbows, also known as “ells,” are used to change the direction of a pipe system. An elbow typically features a 45, 90 or 180 degree bend, although other angles are also available. Elbows come in a variety of diameters and are generally threaded for connectivity. A common example of an elbow fitting in the home is the piece that extends from the wall of your shower to which the shower head connects.
Elbow are an English rock band consisting of Guy Garvey (lead vocals, guitar), Craig Potter (keyboard, piano, backing vocals), Mark Potter (guitar, backing vocals) and Pete Turner (bass guitar, backing vocals). They have played together since 1990, adopting the Elbow band name in 1997.
Wall thickness: SCH5 to SCH160
Size range: 1/2 to 56 inches (DN 15 to DN 1,400mm)
Degree: 22.5 Deg, 45 Deg, 90 Deg, 180 Deg
Manufacturing standards: ANSI, ISO, JIS and DIN
Process: butt welding, seamless
Type: Long radius, Short radius, Large size
Pressure: class 3000, 6000 and 9000
How to calculate a 90 degree elbow center?
If your elbow is a short radius it is 1 times your nominal pipe diameter. If it is a long radius it is 1 1/2 times your nominal pipe diameter.show me the exact pattern of long radius.
(90/2tan*Dia*1.5*25.4)
(45/2tan*Dia*1.5*25.4)
u will obtain Ur answer in (mm)
For 90 degree elbow(Dia*38.1) this formula used for only 90 degree elbow.
For 45 degree elbow(45/2of tan*Dia*1.5*25.4) this answer obtained in (mm).
How to distinguish between pipe elbow and pipe bend?
“All bends are elbows but all elbows are not bends.”
Infact, the pipe is bent to form an elbow.
Elbows are pre-fabricated and are firm in design.
There are issues with bends since the tickness at the bend radius reduces as we bend the pipe.
Bends typically have a minimum bending radius of 1.5 times pipe radius (R). If this bending radius is less than 1.5R, it is called Elbow. Reference to any international / industry standard need to be traced. 1.5, 3 and 4.5 R are the most common bending radii in industry.
Sharp bends are normally called Elbows.
An elbow is also typically a sharp 90 degrees and often is a separate piece.
A bend typically flows smoother since there are not irregular surfaces on the inside of the pipe, nor does the fluid have to change direction abruptly.
The most basic difference of them is the elbow relatively short than bend, R = 1D to 2 D is elbow More than 2D is bend. In the production process, cold bends can use Bending Machine to bend by ready-made straight bend. One-time completed also don’t need second corrosion. But elbow need manufacturers make to order, to do anti-corrosion, order cycle is long. Elbow price is higher than bend. But cost performance is much higher than bend. It is well-known that bend do not have anticorrosive processing is easy damaged, but the price is cheap so are used very much in some demand which not very high engineering.
In the west-east gas transmission of course, cold bends cost is low. elbow need manufacturers make to order, needs corrosion, order cycle is long,but cold bends can use ready-made straight bend by Bending Machine to bend. One-time completed also don’t need second corrosion. The cold bend construction technology need follow oil standard .west-east gas transmission have the enterprise standard,but we can use either elbow nor bend in open area.
An elbow is a pipe fitting installed between two lengths of pipe or tubing to allow a change of direction, usually a 90° or 45° angle, though 22.5° elbows are also made. The ends may be machined for butt welding, threaded (usually female), or socketed, etc. When the two ends differ in size, the fitting is called a reducing elbow or reducer elbow.
 Short radius elbows |
 Long radius elbows |
 Stainless pipe elbows |
 Big diameter elbows |
The degree types of short radius pipe elbows as below:
- 45 degree short radius elbow
- 90 degree Short Radius Elbow
- 180 degree short radius elbow
An elbow is a pipe fitting installed between two lengths of pipe or tubing to allow a change of direction, usually a 180° or 90° angle, though 45° elbows are also made. The ends may be machined for butt welding (SW) or socketed welding(SW) etc.
Most elbows are available in short radius or long radius variants. When the two ends differ in size, the fitting is called a reducing elbow or reducer elbow.
Elbows are categorized based on various design features as below:
-
Long Radius (LR) Elbow is also called LR elbow – means the radius is 1.5 times the pipe diameter
- L/R 45°Elbow: Long radius 45 degree elbow changes the direction by 45 degrees.
- L/R 90°Elbow: Long radius 90 degree elbow changes the direction by 90 degrees.
- L/R 180°Elbow: Long Radius 180 degree return bend allows complete reversal of flow.
-
Short Radius (SR) Elbow is also called SR elbow, – means the radius is 1.0 times the pipe diameter
- Short radiu 45°Elbow: Short radius 45° elbow changes the direction by 45 degrees.
- Short radius 90°Elbow: Short Radius 90° elbow is same as LR90 except for the measurement between end of elbow to center line is 1 x NPS.
- Short radius 180° Elbow: Short Radius 180° return bend allows complete reversal of flow.
Elbows are categorized based on various design features as below:
- Long Radius (LR) Elbows – radius is 1.5 times the pipe diameter
- Short Radius (SR) Elbows – radius is 1.0 times the pipe diameter
- 90 Degree Elbow – where change in direction required is 90°
- 45 Degree Elbow – where change in direction required is 45°
A 90 degree elbow is also called a “90 bend” or “90 ell”. It is a fitting which is bent in such a way to produce 90 degree change in the direction of flow in the pipe. It used to change the direction in piping and is also sometimes called a “quarter bend”. A 90 degree elbow attaches readily to plastic, copper, cast iron, steel and lead. It can also attach to rubber with stainless steel clamps. It is available in many materials like silicone, rubber compounds, galvanized steel, etc. The main application of an elbow (90 degree) is to connect hoses to valves, water pressure pumps, and deck drains. These elbows can be made from tough nylon material or NPT thread.
Types of 90° elbows:
90° elbows are manufactured as SR (Short Radius) elbows and LR (Long Radius) elbows:
SR (Short Radius) Elbows:
These elbows have a Center-to-Face dimension of 1.0 X diameter. They are typically used in tight areas where clearance is the main issue.
LR (Long Radius) Elbows:
These elbows have a Center-to-Face dimension of 1.5 X diameter. They are the most common type of elbow and used when space is available and flow is more critical.
90 degree Long Radius Elbow
The 90 degree Long Radius Elbow manufactured using superior grade raw materials. The 90 degree Long Radius Elbows are used for connecting pipes of different diameters and find wide applications in various chemicals, construction industries, paper, cement & ship builders.
We have adopted advanced production equipment to make our 90 degree Short Radius Elbow(1D D711.2～D1219.2), which can not only improve product quality, but also save raw materials.
ASME B16.9 Butt weld 90 degree Long Radius Elbow Dimensions
ASME B16.9 90°Short Radius Elbow Dimensional Tolerance
|
NPS |
O.D. |
90 degrees |
45 degrees |
90 degrees |
45 degrees |
|
1/2 |
21.3 |
38 |
16 |
– |
– |
|
3/4 |
26.7 |
38 |
19 |
57 |
24 |
|
1 |
33.4 |
38 |
22 |
76 |
31 |
|
1¼ |
42.2 |
48 |
25 |
95 |
39 |
|
1½ |
48.3 |
57 |
29 |
114 |
47 |
|
2 |
60.3 |
76 |
35 |
152 |
63 |
|
2½ |
73 |
95 |
44 |
190 |
79 |
|
3 |
88.9 |
114 |
51 |
229 |
95 |
|
3½ |
101.6 |
133 |
57 |
267 |
111 |
|
4 |
114.3 |
152 |
64 |
305 |
127 |
|
5 |
141.3 |
190 |
79 |
381 |
157 |
|
6 |
168.3 |
229 |
95 |
457 |
189 |
|
8 |
219.1 |
305 |
127 |
610 |
252 |
|
10 |
273 |
381 |
159 |
762 |
316 |
|
12 |
323.8 |
457 |
190 |
914 |
378 |
|
14 |
355.6 |
533 |
222 |
1067 |
441 |
|
16 |
406.4 |
610 |
254 |
1219 |
505 |
|
18 |
457 |
686 |
286 |
1372 |
568 |
|
20 |
508 |
762 |
318 |
1524 |
632 |
|
22 |
559 |
838 |
343 |
1676 |
694 |
|
24 |
610 |
914 |
381 |
1829 |
757 |
|
26 |
660 |
991 |
406 |
1981 |
821 |
|
28 |
711 |
1067 |
438 |
2134 |
883 |
|
30 |
762 |
1143 |
470 |
2286 |
964 |
|
32 |
813 |
1219 |
502 |
2438 |
1010 |
|
34 |
864 |
1295 |
533 |
2591 |
1073 |
|
36 |
914 |
1372 |
565 |
2743 |
1135 |
|
38 |
965 |
1448 |
600 |
2896 |
1200 |
|
40 |
1016 |
1524 |
632 |
3048 |
1264 |
|
42 |
1067 |
1600 |
660 |
3200 |
1326 |
|
44 |
1118 |
1676 |
695 |
3353 |
1389 |
|
46 |
1168 |
1753 |
727 |
3505 |
1453 |
|
48 |
1219 |
1829 |
759 |
3658 |
1516 |
ASME B16.9 90° Long Radius Elbow Dimensional Tolerance
| DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCES – ELBOWS | |||||||
| For all fittings | Elbows 90/45 deg | 180° Returns | |||||
| Nominal Pipe Size (NPS) |
Outside Ø at Bevel |
Inside Ø at End |
Wall Thickness t / t1 |
Center to End Dim. A-B-C-M |
Center to Center Dim. O |
Back to Face Dim. K |
Align- ment of Ends U |
| 1/2 a 2 1/2 | 1 | 0,8 | Not | 2 | 7 | 7 | 1 |
| 3 a 3 1/2 | 1 | 1,6 | less | 2 | 7 | 7 | 1 |
| 4 | +2 -1 | 1,6 | than | 2 | 7 | 7 | 1 |
| 5 a 6 | +3 -1 | 1,6 | 87,50% | 2 | 7 | 7 | 1 |
| 8 | 2 | 1,6 | of nominal | 2 | 7 | 7 | 1 |
| 10 | +4 -3 | 3,2 | thickness | 2 | 7 | 7 | 2 |
| 12 a 18 | +4 -3 | 3,2 | 3 | 10 | 7 | 2 | |
| 20 a 24 | +6 -5 | 4,8 | 3 | 10 | 7 | 2 | |
| 26 a 30 | +7 -5 | 4,8 | 3 | ….. | ….. | ….. | |
| 32 a 48 | +7 -5 | 4,8 | 5 | ….. | ….. | ….. | |
90 degree Short Radius Elbow
The 90 degree Short Radius Elbow manufactured using superior grade raw materials. The 90 degree Short Radius Elbows are used for connecting pipes of different diameters and find wide applications in various chemicals, construction industries, paper, cement & ship builders.
ASME B16.9 90 degree Short Radius Elbow Dimensional Tolerance
| NPS |
O.D. D |
Center-to-End A |
| 1 | 33.4 | 25 |
| 1¼ | 42.2 | 32 |
| 1½ | 48.3 | 38 |
| 2 | 60.3 | 51 |
| 2½ | 73 | 64 |
| 3 | 88.9 | 76 |
| 3½ | 101.6 | 89 |
| 4 | 114.3 | 102 |
| 5 | 141.3 | 127 |
| 6 | 168.3 | 152 |
| 8 | 219.1 | 203 |
| 10 | 273 | 254 |
| 12 | 323.8 | 305 |
| 14 | 355.6 | 356 |
| 16 | 406.4 | 406 |
| 18 | 457 | 457 |
| 20 | 508 | 508 |
| 22 | 559 | 559 |
| 24 | 610 | 610 |
ASME B16.9 90°Short Radius Elbow Dimensional Tolerance
| Nominal Pipe Size | 1/2 to 2½ | 3 to 3½ | 4 | 5 to 8 | 10 to 18 | 20 to 24 | 26 to 30 | 32 to 48 |
|
Outside Diameter at Bevel (D) |
+ 1.6 – 0.8 |
1.6 | 1.6 |
+ 2.4 – 1.6 |
+ 4 – 3.2 |
+ 6.4 – 4.8 |
+ 6.4 – 4.8 |
+ 6.4 – 4.8 |
| Inside Diameter at End | 0.8 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 3.2 | 4.8 |
+ 6.4 – 4.8 |
+ 6.4 – 4.8 |
| Center-to-End (A) | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 5 |
| Wall Thickness (t) | Not less than 87.5% of Nominal Wall Thickness | |||||||
A 45 degree elbow is also called a “45 bend” or “45 ell”. It is commonly used in water supply facilities, food industrial pipeline networks, chemical industrial pipeline networks, electronic industrial pipeline networks, air conditioning facility pipeline, agriculture and garden production transporting system, pipeline network for solar energy facility, etc.
45° Pipe Elbow
45° Pipe Elbow is also known as “45 bends or 45 ells”. The 45° pipe elbow is used to connect tubes at a 45° pipe angle. As the name suggests, this is a pipe fitting device which is bent in such a way to produce 45° change in the direction of flow of the fluid/gas in the pipe.
Like a 90° elbow, the 45° pipe elbow also attaches readily to pipes of various materials like plastic, copper, cast iron, steel, lead, rubber etc. They are typically made as LR (Long Radius) elbows. These types of elbows are available in various sizes (in mm or inches). They are available with different male to female BSP thread connections. Providing a wide choice of colors, these 45° elbows can be manufactured to meet different specifications, in terms of size and diameter.
45 degree Long Radius elbow
The 45 degree Long Radius Elbow manufactured using superior grade raw materials.
Butt weld 45 degree LOng Radius Elbow are used for connecting pipes of different diameters and find wide applications in various chemicals, construction industries, paper, cement & ship builders.
ASME B16.9 Butt weld 45 degree Long Radius Elbow Dimensions
|
NPS |
O.D. |
90 degrees |
45 degrees |
90 degrees |
45 degrees |
|
1/2 |
21.3 |
38 |
16 |
– |
– |
|
3/4 |
26.7 |
38 |
19 |
57 |
24 |
|
1 |
33.4 |
38 |
22 |
76 |
31 |
|
1¼ |
42.2 |
48 |
25 |
95 |
39 |
|
1½ |
48.3 |
57 |
29 |
114 |
47 |
|
2 |
60.3 |
76 |
35 |
152 |
63 |
|
2½ |
73 |
95 |
44 |
190 |
79 |
|
3 |
88.9 |
114 |
51 |
229 |
95 |
|
3½ |
101.6 |
133 |
57 |
267 |
111 |
|
4 |
114.3 |
152 |
64 |
305 |
127 |
|
5 |
141.3 |
190 |
79 |
381 |
157 |
|
6 |
168.3 |
229 |
95 |
457 |
189 |
|
8 |
219.1 |
305 |
127 |
610 |
252 |
|
10 |
273 |
381 |
159 |
762 |
316 |
|
12 |
323.8 |
457 |
190 |
914 |
378 |
|
14 |
355.6 |
533 |
222 |
1067 |
441 |
|
16 |
406.4 |
610 |
254 |
1219 |
505 |
|
18 |
457 |
686 |
286 |
1372 |
568 |
|
20 |
508 |
762 |
318 |
1524 |
632 |
|
22 |
559 |
838 |
343 |
1676 |
694 |
|
24 |
610 |
914 |
381 |
1829 |
757 |
|
26 |
660 |
991 |
406 |
1981 |
821 |
|
28 |
711 |
1067 |
438 |
2134 |
883 |
|
30 |
762 |
1143 |
470 |
2286 |
964 |
|
32 |
813 |
1219 |
502 |
2438 |
1010 |
|
34 |
864 |
1295 |
533 |
2591 |
1073 |
|
36 |
914 |
1372 |
565 |
2743 |
1135 |
|
38 |
965 |
1448 |
600 |
2896 |
1200 |
|
40 |
1016 |
1524 |
632 |
3048 |
1264 |
|
42 |
1067 |
1600 |
660 |
3200 |
1326 |
|
44 |
1118 |
1676 |
695 |
3353 |
1389 |
|
46 |
1168 |
1753 |
727 |
3505 |
1453 |
|
48 |
1219 |
1829 |
759 |
3658 |
1516 |
ASME B16.9 45° Long Radius Elbow Dimensional Tolerance
| DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCES – ELBOWS | |||||||
| For all fittings | Elbows 90/45 deg | 180° Returns | |||||
| Nominal Pipe Size (NPS) |
Outside Ø at Bevel |
Inside Ø at End |
Wall Thickness t / t1 |
Center to End Dim. A-B-C-M |
Center to Center Dim. O |
Back to Face Dim. K |
Align- ment of Ends U |
| 1/2 a 2 1/2 | 1 | 0,8 | Not | 2 | 7 | 7 | 1 |
| 3 a 3 1/2 | 1 | 1,6 | less | 2 | 7 | 7 | 1 |
| 4 | +2 -1 | 1,6 | than | 2 | 7 | 7 | 1 |
| 5 a 6 | +3 -1 | 1,6 | 87,50% | 2 | 7 | 7 | 1 |
| 8 | 2 | 1,6 | of nominal | 2 | 7 | 7 | 1 |
| 10 | +4 -3 | 3,2 | tickness | 2 | 7 | 7 | 2 |
| 12 a 18 | +4 -3 | 3,2 | 3 | 10 | 7 | 2 | |
| 20 a 24 | +6 -5 | 4,8 | 3 | 10 | 7 | 2 | |
| 26 a 30 | +7 -5 | 4,8 | 3 | ….. | ….. | ….. | |
| 32 a 48 | +7 -5 | 4,8 | 5 | ….. | ….. | ….. | |
The 180 degree Short radius Elbow manufactured using superior grade raw materials. The 180 degree Short radius Elbows are used for connecting pipes of different diameters and find wide applications in various chemicals, construction industries, paper, cement & ship builders.
45 degree SR elbow
The 45 degree Short Radius Elbow manufactured using superior grade raw materials. Butt weld 45 degree Short Radius Elbow are used for connecting pipes of different diameters and find wide applications in various chemicals, construction industries, paper, cement & ship builders.
ASME B16.9 Butt weld 45 degree Short Radius Elbow Dimensions
|
Nom. Pipe Size |
Pipe Sched. or No. |
Center- to-end Dimen. |
Outside Dia. |
Inside Dia. |
Wall Thick. |
Approx. Weight (lb.) |
| F | OD | ID | T | |||
| STANDARD WEIGHT | ||||||
| 1/2 | 40 | 5/8 | 0.840 | 0.622 | 0.109 | 0.1 |
| 3/4 | 40 | 7/16 | 1.050 | 0.824 | 0.113 | 0.1 |
| 1 | 40 | 7/8 | 1.315 | 1.049 | 0.133 | 0.2 |
| 1 1/4 | 40 | 1 | 1.660 | 1.380 | 0.140 | 0.4 |
| 1 1/2 | 40 | 1 1/8 | 1.900 | 1.610 | 0.145 | 0.5 |
| 2 | 40 | 1 3/8 | 2.375 | 2.067 | 0.154 | 0.9 |
| 2 1/2 | 40 | 1 3/4 | 2.875 | 2.469 | 0.203 | 1.5 |
| 3 | 40 | 2 | 3.500 | 3.068 | 0.216 | 2.5 |
| 3 1/2 | 40 | 2 1/4 | 4.000 | 3.548 | 0.226 | 3.5 |
| 4 | 40 | 2 1/2 | 4.500 | 4.026 | 0.237 | 4.8 |
| 5 | 40 | 3 1/8 | 5.563 | 5.047 | 0.258 | 7.8 |
| 6 | 40 | 3 3/4 | 6.625 | 6.065 | 0.280 | 12 |
| 8 | 40 | 5 | 8.625 | 7.981 | 0.322 | 23 |
| 10 | 40 | 6 1/4 | 10.750 | 10.020 | 0.365 | 42 |
| 12 | – | 7 1/2 | 12.750 | 12.000 | 0.375 | 61 |
| 14 | 30 | 8 3/4 | 14.000 | 13.250 | 0.375 | 79 |
| 16 | 30 | 10 | 16.000 | 15.250 | 0.375 | 103 |
| 18 | – | 11 1/4 | 18.000 | 17.250 | 0.375 | 132 |
| 20 | 20 | 12 1/2 | 20.000 | 19.250 | 0.375 | 160 |
| 22 | 20 | 13 1/2 | 22.000 | 21.250 | 0.375 | 195 |
| 24 | 20 | 15 | 24.000 | 23.250 | 0.375 | 238 |
| EXTRA STRONG | ||||||
|
Nom. Pipe Size |
Pipe Sched. or No. |
Center- to-end Dimen. |
Outside Dia. |
Inside Dia. |
Wall Thick. |
Approx. Weight (lb.) |
| F | OD | ID | T | |||
| 1/2 | 80 | 5/8 | 0.840 | 0.546 | 0.147 | 0.2 |
| 3/4 | 80 | 7/16 | 1.050 | 0.742 | 0.154 | 0.3 |
| 1 | 80 | 7/8 | 1.315 | 0.957 | 0.179 | 0.4 |
| 1 1/4 | 80 | 1 | 1.660 | 1.278 | 0.191 | 0.5 |
| 1 1/2 | 80 | 1 1/8 | 1.900 | 1.500 | 0.200 | 0.6 |
| 2 | 80 | 1 3/8 | 2.375 | 1.939 | 0.218 | 1.1 |
| 2 1/2 | 80 | 1 3/4 | 2.875 | 2.323 | 0.276 | 2.1 |
| 3 | 80 | 2 | 3.500 | 2.900 | 0.300 | 3.5 |
| 3 1/2 | 80 | 2 1/4 | 4.000 | 3.364 | 0.318 | 4.8 |
| 4 | 80 | 2 1/2 | 4.500 | 3.826 | 0.337 | 6.5 |
| 5 | 80 | 3 1/8 | 5.563 | 4.813 | 0.375 | 11 |
| 6 | 80 | 3 3/4 | 6.625 | 5.761 | 0.432 | 18 |
| 8 | 80 | 5 | 8.625 | 7.625 | 0.500 | 35 |
| 10 | 60 | 6 1/4 | 10.750 | 9.750 | 0.500 | 56 |
| 12 | – | 7 1/2 | 12.750 | 11.750 | 0.500 | 80 |
| 14 | – | 8 3/4 | 14.000 | 13.000 | 0.500 | 100 |
| 16 | 40 | 10 | 16.000 | 15.000 | 0.500 | 131 |
| 18 | – | 11 1/4 | 18.000 | 17.000 | 0.500 | 172 |
| 20 | 30 | 12 1/2 | 20.000 | 19.000 | 0.500 | 210 |
| 22 | 30 | 13 1/2 | 22.000 | 21.000 | 0.500 | 259 |
| 24 | – | 15 | 24.000 | 23.000 | 0.500 | 302 |
Ansi 16.9 tolerances – 45 Degree short radius elbow
| DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCES – ELBOWS | |||||||
| For all fittings | Elbows 90/45 deg | 180° Returns | |||||
| Nominal Pipe Size (NPS) |
Outside Ø at Bevel |
Inside Ø at End |
Wall Thickness t / t1 |
Center to End Dim. A-B-C-M |
Center to Center Dim. O |
Back to Face Dim. K |
Align- ment of Ends U |
| 1/2 a 2 1/2 | 1 | 0,8 | Not | 2 | 7 | 7 | 1 |
| 3 a 3 1/2 | 1 | 1,6 | less | 2 | 7 | 7 | 1 |
| 4 | +2 -1 | 1,6 | than | 2 | 7 | 7 | 1 |
| 5 a 6 | +3 -1 | 1,6 | 87,50% | 2 | 7 | 7 | 1 |
| 8 | 2 | 1,6 | of nominal | 2 | 7 | 7 | 1 |
| 10 | +4 -3 | 3,2 | tickness | 2 | 7 | 7 | 2 |
| 12 a 18 | +4 -3 | 3,2 | 3 | 10 | 7 | 2 | |
| 20 a 24 | +6 -5 | 4,8 | 3 | 10 | 7 | 2 | |
| 26 a 30 | +7 -5 | 4,8 | 3 | ….. | ….. | ….. | |
| 32 a 48 | +7 -5 | 4,8 | 5 | ….. | ….. | ….. | |
180 degree Short Radius Elbow
The 180 degree Short radius Elbow manufactured using superior grade raw materials. The 180 degree Short radius Elbows are used for connecting pipes of different diameters and find wide applications in various chemicals, construction industries, paper, cement & ship builders.
ASME B16.9 Butt weld 180 degree Short radius Elbow Dimensions
ASME B16.9 180 degree Short radius Elbow Dimensional Tolerance
| NPS |
O.D. D |
180° Short radius | 180° Short Radius | ||
|
Center to Center O |
Back to Face K |
Center to Center O |
Back to Face K |
||
| 1/2 | 21.3 | 76 | 48 | – | – |
| 3/4 | 26.7 | 76 | 51 | – | – |
| 1 | 33.4 | 76 | 56 | 51 | 41 |
| 1¼ | 42.2 | 95 | 70 | 64 | 52 |
| 1½ | 48.3 | 114 | 83 | 76 | 62 |
| 2 | 60.3 | 152 | 106 | 102 | 81 |
| 2½ | 73 | 190 | 132 | 127 | 100 |
| 3 | 88.9 | 229 | 159 | 152 | 121 |
| 3½ | 101.6 | 267 | 184 | 178 | 140 |
| 4 | 114.3 | 305 | 210 | 203 | 159 |
| 5 | 141.3 | 381 | 262 | 254 | 197 |
| 6 | 168.3 | 457 | 313 | 305 | 237 |
| 8 | 219.1 | 610 | 414 | 406 | 313 |
| 10 | 273 | 762 | 518 | 508 | 391 |
| 12 | 323.8 | 914 | 619 | 610 | 467 |
| 14 | 355.6 | 1067 | 711 | 711 | 533 |
| 16 | 406.4 | 1219 | 813 | 813 | 610 |
| 18 | 457 | 1372 | 914 | 914 | 686 |
| 20 | 508 | 1524 | 1016 | 1016 | 762 |
| 22 | 559 | 1676 | 1118 | 1118 | 838 |
| 24 | 610 | 1829 | 1219 | 1219 | 914 |
ASME B16.9 180° Short Radius Elbow Dimensional Tolerance
| For all fittings | 180° Returns | |||||
| Nominal Pipe Size (NPS) |
Outside Ø at Bevel |
Inside Ø at End |
Wall Thickness t / t1 |
Center to Center Dim. O |
Back to Face Dim. K |
Align- ment of Ends U |
| 1/2 a 2 1/2 | 1 | 0,8 | Not | 7 | 7 | 1 |
| 3 a 3 1/2 | 1 | 1,6 | less | 7 | 7 | 1 |
| 4 | +2 -1 | 1,6 | than | 7 | 7 | 1 |
| 5 a 6 | +3 -1 | 1,6 | 87,50% | 7 | 7 | 1 |
| 8 | 2 | 1,6 | of nominal | 7 | 7 | 1 |
| 10 | +4 -3 | 3,2 | thickness | 7 | 7 | 2 |
| 12 a 18 | +4 -3 | 3,2 | 10 | 7 | 2 | |
| 20 a 24 | +6 -5 | 4,8 | 10 | 7 | 2 | |
| 26 a 30 | +7 -5 | 4,8 | ….. | ….. | ….. | |
| 32 a 48 | +7 -5 | 4,8 | ….. | ….. | ….. | |
180 degree Long Radius Elbow
The 180 degree Long Radius Elbow manufactured using superior grade raw materials.
The 180 degree Long Radius Elbows are used for connecting pipes of different diameters and find wide applications in various chemicals, construction industries, paper, cement & ship builders.
We have adopted advanced production equipment to make our 180 degree Long Radius Elbow(1D D711.2～D1219.2), which can not only improve product quality, but also save raw materials.
ASME B16.9 Butt weld 180 degree Long Radius Elbow Dimensions
| NPS | O.D. D | 180° Long Radius | |
|
Center to Center O |
Back to Face K |
||
| 1/2 | 21.3 | 76 | 48 |
| 3/4 | 26.7 | 76 | 51 |
| 1 | 33.4 | 76 | 56 |
| 1¼ | 42.2 | 95 | 70 |
| 1½ | 48.3 | 114 | 83 |
| 2 | 60.3 | 152 | 106 |
| 2½ | 73 | 190 | 132 |
| 3 | 88.9 | 229 | 159 |
| 3½ | 101.6 | 267 | 184 |
| 4 | 114.3 | 305 | 210 |
| 5 | 141.3 | 381 | 262 |
| 6 | 168.3 | 457 | 313 |
| 8 | 219.1 | 610 | 414 |
| 10 | 273 | 762 | 518 |
| 12 | 323.8 | 914 | 619 |
| 14 | 355.6 | 1067 | 711 |
| 16 | 406.4 | 1219 | 813 |
| 18 | 457 | 1372 | 914 |
| 20 | 508 | 1524 | 1016 |
| 22 | 559 | 1676 | 1118 |
| 24 | 610 | 1829 | 1219 |
ASME B16.9 180° Long Radius Elbow Dimensional Tolerance
| For all fittings | 180° Returns | |||||
| Nominal Pipe Size (NPS) |
Outside Ø at Bevel |
Inside Ø at End |
Wall Thickness t / t1 |
Center to Center Dim. O |
Back to Face Dim. K |
Align- ment of Ends U |
| 1/2 a 2 1/2 | 1 | 0,8 | Not | 7 | 7 | 1 |
| 3 a 3 1/2 | 1 | 1,6 | less | 7 | 7 | 1 |
| 4 | +2 -1 | 1,6 | than | 7 | 7 | 1 |
| 5 a 6 | +3 -1 | 1,6 | 87,50% | 7 | 7 | 1 |
| 8 | 2 | 1,6 | of nominal | 7 | 7 | 1 |
| 10 | +4 -3 | 3,2 | thickness | 7 | 7 | 2 |
| 12 a 18 | +4 -3 | 3,2 | 10 | 7 | 2 | |
| 20 a 24 | +6 -5 | 4,8 | 10 | 7 | 2 | |
| 26 a 30 | +7 -5 | 4,8 | ….. | ….. | ….. | |
| 32 a 48 | +7 -5 | 4,8 | ….. | ….. | ….. | |
Most elbows are available in short radius or long radius variants.
SHORT RADIUS ELBOWS
The short radius elbows have a center-to-end distance equal to the Nominal Pipe Size (NPS) in inches, while the long radius is 1.5 times the NPS in inches. Short elbows are widely available, and are typically used in pressurized systems.
LONG RADIUS ELBOWS
Long elbows are typically used in low-pressure gravity-fed systems and other applications where low turbulence and minimum deposition of entrained solids are of concern.
45-Degree and 90-Degree Elbow Fittings with SW& Threaded Connection Ends.
Pressure: 2000LBS, 3000LBS, 6000LBS, 9000LBS
Size: from 1/8″ to 4″
Material: ASTM A105, F304, F316, F304L, F316L, A182 F11/F22/F91
Connection ends: socket weld and threaded
Threaded Pipe Fitting SS304 Precision Cast Fittings
Threaded Pipe Fitting SS304 with 90 degrees Elbow, Class 150lb, Male and Female Thread.
Size: 1/2 to 4 inchesb
304 90 degrees elbow, class 150lb, with male and female thread
Materials: SS304 and SS316
Manufacturing standards: ANSI, JIS, and DIN
Our prefessional foundry can do sand casting,lost wax casting and die casting .
The material as bellowing:
Gray Iron, Ductile Iron, Steel, Stainless Steel, Malleable Iron and Alloy
The products is widely used in automobile , machinery, pipe fittings, pump parts, valve part and other industry.
We are a group company consisting of:
- 4 Sand Casting Plants (mainly produce Cast Iron and Ductile Iron Products)
- 2 Resin Sand Casting Plants (mainly produce Cast Steel&Cast Iron Products)
- 3 Investment Casting Plants (mainly produce Stainless Steel and Carbon Steel products)
Thick-walled seamless cast iron pipe
Size: O.D.219-680mm, W.T.:40-90mm
Mateiral:10#, 20#, 35#, 45#, 16Mn, 27Simn etc.
An elbow provides a change in material-flow direction. This adds pressure losses to the system due to impact, friction and re-acceleration.
As product enters the inlet of the elbow, it typically continues moving straight ahead to the first (or primary) impact zone. The product is then deflected at an angle toward the outlet of the elbow. The deflection angle is determined by the elbow design, the product’s characteristics, the conveying velocity, and specific load (also called the product-to-gas ratio). In many designs, the product will hit one or more secondary impact zones before exiting the elbow.
Impact forces can cause severe degradation of fragile or breakage-sensitive products, generating a large amount of fines or dust and creating quality issues. Heat-sensitive products, such as plastic pellets, can overheat on the contact surface this can result in unwanted tails or streamers on the pellet or film build-up on the surface of the elbow, which can eventually lead to product contamination. Abrasive products can cause wear, leading to work-out elbows and system leaks and causing maintenance and safety issues.
Elbows can change direction to any angle as per requirement. An elbow angle can be defined as the angle by which the flow direction deviates from its original flowing direction (See Fig.1 below).Even though An elbow angle can be anything greater than 0 but less or equal to 90°But still a change in direction greater than 90° at a single point is not desirable. Normally, a 45° and a 90° elbow combinedly used while making piping layouts for such situations.
Elbow angle can be easily calculated using simple geometrical technique of mathematics. Lets give an example for you. Refer to Fig.2. Pipe direction is changing at point A with the help of an elbow and again the direction is changing at the point G using another elbow.
End Connections:
For connecting elbow/bend to pipe the following type of end connections are available
- Butt welded: Used alongwith large bore (>=2 inch) piping
- Socket welded: Used alongwith pipe size
- Screwed:
- Flanged:
- Pipe is connected to butt welded elbow as shown in Fig. 4 by having a butt-welding joint.
- Butt welded fittings are supplied with bevel ends suitable for welding to pipe. It is important to indicate the connected pipe thickness /schedule while ordering. All edge preparations for butt welding should conform to ASME B16.25.
- Dimensions of butt welded elbows are as per ASME B16.9. This standard is applicable for carbon steel & alloy steel butt weld fittings of NPS 1/2” through 48”.
- Dimensions of stainless steel butt welded fittings are as per MSS-SP-43. Physical dimensions for fittings are identical under ASME B16.9 and MSS-SP-43. It is implied that the scope of ASME B16.9 deals primarily with the wall thicknesses which are common to carbon and low alloy steel piping, whereas MSS-SP-43 deals specifically with schedule 5S & 10S in stainless steel piping.
- Dimensions for short radius elbows are as per ASME B16.28 in case of carbon steel & low alloy steel and MSS-SP-59 for stainless steel.
- Butt welded fittings are usually used for sizes 2” & above. However, for smaller sizes up to 1-1/2” on critical lines where use of socket welded joints is prohibited, pipe bends are normally used. These bends are usually of 5D radius and made at site by cold bending of pipe. Alternatively, butt welded elbows can be used in lieu of pipe bends but usually smaller dia lines are field routed and it is not possible to have the requirement known at initial stage of the project for procurement purpose. So pipe bends are preferred. However, pipe bends do occupy more space and particularly in pharmaceutical plants where major portion of piping is of small dia. and layout is congested, butt welded elbows are preferred.
- Butt welded joints can be radiographed and hence preferred for all critical services.
- Material standards as applicable to butt welded fittings are as follows:
- This specification covers wrought carbon steel and alloy steel fittings of seamless & welded construction intended for use at low temperatures. It covers four grades WPL6, WPL9, WPL3 & WPL8 depending upon chemical composition. Fittings WPL6 are impact tested at temp – 50° C, WPL9 at -75° C, WPL3 at -100° C and WPL8 at -195° C temperature.
- The allowable pressure ratings for fittings may be calculated as for straight seamless pipe in accordance with the rules established in the applicable section of ASME B31.3.
- The pipe wall thickness and material type shall be that with which the fittings have been ordered to be used, their identity on the fittings is in lieu of pressure rating markings.
Manufacturing process of the pipe elbow
Mandrel method (Hot Forming)
- One of the most common Pipe Fittings Manufacturing Process for manufacturing Elbows Or Pipe Bends from the pipe is mandrel method which is kind of hot forming methods.
- In this method, the pipe is cut in pieces and push with the help of hydraulic ram. It is pushed over a die called “mandrel” which allows the pipe to expand and bend simultaneously.
- This method can be used to manufacture a wide range of the diameter of elbows or pipe bends
-
- ELBOWS Or Pipe Bends Mandrel method
Extrusion Method
In cold Extrusion method, a pipe with the same diameter as finished product is pushed through a die and formed into its desired shape. Usually applied to stainless steel small to medium sizes elbows or pipe bends.
Extrusion Method
UO Method
UO method is used to manufacture medium size of the elbow, tee, and reducers. The plate is cut out into a specially designed shape, it is formed first into a U-shape using a die and then into an O-shape or tubular form using another die, that is why this method is known as UO method. Once the fittings formed in tumbler shaped it is welded from inside and outside of the closing seam. A cut plate is 1st from in U shape and then in O shape.
UO Method
Hot Forming Method
In a Hot Forming Die Bending method, a Pipe is heated to forming temperature & formed in the die with the specific shape, this process may be repeated as needed to obtain the required shape, size and wall thickness. Usually applied to thick-wall items that cannot be bent on a mandrel die.
Hot Forming method for Elbow Manufacturing
Materials
- Carbon steel: ASTM/ASME A234 WPB-WPC
-
Alloy steel: –WP 22-WP 5-WP 91-WP 911
- ASTM A335 P22
- ASME SA335 P91 elbow
- ASTM A234 WP 11
- Low temperature steel: ASTM/ASME A402 WPL 3-WPL 6
- High performance steel: ASTM/ASME A860 WPHY 42-46-52-60-65-70
-
Stainless steel: ASTM/ASME A403 WP 304-304L-304H-304LN-304N
- ASTM/ASME A403 WP 316-316L-316H-316LN-316N-316Ti
- ASTM/ASME A403 WP 321-321H ASTM/ASME A403 WP 347-347H
Standards
- GB/T12459-2005 GB/T13401-2005 GB/T10752-2005 SH/T3408-1996 SH/T3409-1996
- SY/T0609-2006 SY/T0518-2002 SY/T0510-1998
- DL/T695-1999 GD2000 GD87-1101
- HG/T21635-1987 HG/T21631-1990
- ASME B16.9-2007 ASME B16.25-2007
- MSS SP 75-2008 MSS SP 43-2008
- CSA Z245.11-05-2005
- EN10253-1-1999 EN10253-2-2007 EN10253-3-2008 EN10253-4-2008
- DIN2605-1-1992 DIN2605-2-1995
- BS1640-1-1962 BS1640-2-1962 BS1640-3-1968 BS1640-4-1968 BS1965-1-1963
- AFNOR NF A 49-289-1990 AFNOR NF A 49-170-1-1999 AFNOR NF A 49-170-2-2009 AFNOR NF A 49-170-3-2009
- AFNOR NF A 49-170-4-2009 ISO3419-1981 ISO5251-1981
- JIS B2311-2009 JIS B2312-2009 JIS B2313-2009
- ASME B16.9 Butt weld 45 degree Long Radius Elbow Dimensions
Applications of pipe elbows:
Various applications of pipe elbows are as follows:
- They are manufactured to be used in flow lines for gases, fluids in industrial processes, medical, construction and many other specialized applications.
- The elbows are constructed of heavy materials for rigid applications like extreme high/low temperature resistance etc.
- The elbows are specifically designed for use on process and control systems, instrumentation, and equipment used in chemical, petroleum, fluid power, electronic and pulp and paper plants.
The stainless steel elbow on amazon is very expensive
Source: China Pipe Elbow Manufacturer – Yaang Pipe Industry Co., Limited (www.pipelinedubai.com)
(Yaang Pipe Industry is a leading manufacturer and supplier of nickel alloy and stainless steel products, including Super Duplex Stainless Steel Flanges, Stainless Steel Flanges, Stainless Steel Pipe Fittings, Stainless Steel Pipe. Yaang products are widely used in Shipbuilding, Nuclear power, Marine engineering, Petroleum, Chemical, Mining, Sewage treatment, Natural gas and Pressure vessels and other industries.)
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References:
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elbow_(band)
- https://www.yaang.com/what-are-pipe-elbows.html
- https://hardhatengineer.com/pipe-fittings/pipe-fittings-manufacturing-process/
- http://www.whatispiping.com/piping-elbows-and-bends
- https://www.yaang.com