ASTM A 409/A 409M – 95a: Welded Large Diameter Austenitic Steel Pipe for Corrosive or High-Temperature Service

ASTM A 409/A 409M – 95a

Welded Large Diameter Austenitic Steel Pipe for Corrosive or High-Temperature Service

This specification covers straight seam or spiral seam electric-fusion-welded, light-wall, austenitic steel pipe intended for corrosive or high temperature service. Sizes covered are NPS 14 to NPS 30 with extra light (Schedule 5S) and light (Schedule 10S) wall thickness. Pipe having other dimensions may be specified.

Dimensions and Tolerances

• Dimensions. Pipe sizes normally furnished are NPS 14 to NPS 30 with extra light (Schedule 5S) and light (Schedule 10S) wall thickness.
  

• Minimum Wall Thickness. At any point this must not be more than 0.018 in (0.46 mm) under the specified wall thickness.
  

• Outside Diameter. For wall thicknesses <0.188 in (4.8 mm) OD tolerance is ±20%. For wall thicknesses >0.188 in (4.8 mm) OD tolerance is ±40%.
  

• Out-of-Roundness. The difference between maximum and minimum OD must be <1.5% of the specified OD.
  

• Straightness. Deviation from 10 ft (3 m) straight edge is < 3/16 in (4.8 mm).
  

• Cut Lengths. Unless otherwise specified, pipes <NPS 22 are furnished in random lengths of 9 to 12 ft. Pipes >NPS 22 are not less than 5 ft. Circumferential welding of two or more lengths may be specified.
  

  Manufacture
  

• Materials. Refer to chemical composition table.
  

• Welding. Manual or automatic electro-welding process. Weld surface to be flush with base plate or may have <1/16 in (2 mm) crown. Weld reinforcement removal is optional. Weld filler metal conforms to applicable AWS specification for the grade. Filler metal specifications in A 409 are not included in this summary.
  

• Heat Treatment. Refer to heat treatment table and optional and supplementary requirements. No final heat treatment may be specified if the plate has already been heat treated as required.
  

• Marking on each length of pipe. Manufacturers name or trade mark, specification number, grade, manufacturer’s heat number, size, schedule number. Also, final heat treatment: ‘HT-O’ if none, or ‘HT-temp’ where ‘temp’ is final heat temperature (if under 1900
  

  °F [1040 °C]), ‘HT-SO’ if no heat treatment of plate.

  Finish and Repair
  

• Appearance. The pipe shall have a workmanlike finish.
  

• Defect Removal by Machining or Grinding. Defects may be repaired by machining or grinding, provided the wall thickness is not reduced below the minimum.
  

• Defect Repair by Welding. Defects which violate minimum wall thickness can be repaired by welding if the purchaser agrees. Unless otherwise specified, heat treatment or retreatment must follow repair. If the repair depth is >1/4 wall thickness pressure and nondestructive testing or retesting is required.
  

• Finish. Pipe will be free of scale and contaminating iron particles. Bright annealed pipe need not be pickled, blasted or have other surface finishing. The purchaser may request a passivating treatment.
  

  Ordering Information
  

  Item	Notes
  Specification number	ASTM A 409/A 409M-95a
  Size	Nominal pipe size or outside diameter. Schedule or average wall thickness.
  Quantity	Random or specified lengths. Total length or number of lengths.
  Name of material	Straight seam or spiral seam electro-fusion welded austenitic stainless steel pipe
  Grade	Selected from chemical composition table
  End finish	Plain ends with all burrs removed is ASTM requirement. Bevelled, or other end finishes can be specified.
  Test report	DIN 50049.3.1.B standard, or DIN 50049.3.1.C optional (3rd party witness test) at extra cost
  Options and supplementary requirements	Refer to optional and supplementary requirements S1 to S6

  Note

  – The above table is based on ASTM requirements except with regard to alternative end finishes and test reports, where standard practice options are added. See also page 10-2 for ISO based ordering and general delivery information.

  Mandatory Testing
  

• Transverse Tension Test. One test made to represent each lot. A lot is pipe of the same grade, welded to the same procedure and with a common heat treatment. The maximum lot size is 200 ft (60 m) of pipe with same NPS and wall thickness.
  

• Transverse Guided-Bend Weld Test. One test, two specimens will be tested for each lot. One specimen is subject to a face guided- bend test and the other to a root guided-bend test. Cracks <1/8 in (3 mm) are acceptable.
  

• Hydrostatic Test or Nondestructive Test. Each pipe is subject to a pressure test or nondestructive testing of all welds. Air or gas pressure testing may be used with internal pressure of 100 psi (700 kPa) and using soap solution on welds to detect leakage.
  

  Optional and Supplementary Requirements
  

• Type of melting may be specified.
  

• Nondestructive testing of welds is subject to purchaser agreement.
  

• Weld bead may be removed at manufacturers option or as agreed with purchaser.
  

• Weld filler metal. Purchaser may request higheralloy filler metal when needed for corrosion resistance.
  

• Special heat treatment, or no final heat treatment, may be requested. Controlled structural or special service characteristics may be specified as a guide to the most suitable heat treatment. Refer to S5 also.
  

• Passivating treatment may be specified.
  

• Repair by welding is subject to purchaser agreement.
  

• Surface finishing may be specified
  

• Certification details may be requested.
  

• S1 Product Analysis. Analysis for each finished sheet or plate from each heat. Conformance with the chemical composition table is required.

• S1 Radiographic Examination. Weld soundness will be examined as agreed with purchaser.

• S1 Corrosion Requirements. Boiling Nitric Acid or Acidified Copper Sulphate test may be specified for finished grade. Details in A 409 are not repeated in this summary.

• S1 Ferrite Control in Weld Deposits. Ferrite content of deposited weld metal may be determined as agreed between purchaser and vendor.

• S1 Stabilising Heat Treatment. Grades TP321, TP347 and TP348 can be given stabilisation heat treatment at a temperature lower than used for solution annealing heat treatment. Temperature to be agreed between purchaser and vendor.

• S1 Intergranular Corrosion Test. Performed in accordance with Practice A262, Practice E. S5 may be necessary for TP321, TP347 and TP348.

  Tensile Requirements
  

  Grade	UNS	Tensile Strength min		Yield Strength min
  		ksi	MPa	ksi	MPa
  TP304	S30400	75	515	30	205
  TP304L	S30403	70	485	25	170
  TP309Cb	S30940	75	515	30	205
  TP309S	S30908	75	515	30	205
  TP310Cb	S31040	75	515	30	205
  TP310S	S31008	75	515	30	205
  TP316	S31600	75	515	30	205
  TP316L	S31603	70	485	25	170
  TP317	S31700	75	515	30	205
  TP321	S32100	75	515	30	205
  TP347	S34700	75	515	30	205
  TP348	S34800	75	515	30	205
  	S31254	94	650	44	300
  	S30815	87	600	45	310
  	S31725	75	515	30	205
  	S31726	80	550	35	240
  	S24565	115	795	60	415
  	N08367	100(951)	690(6551)	45	310

  Note

  1. Value if wall thickness >0.187 in (4.75 mm)

     Heat Treatment
     

     Grade	UNS	Temperature °F	Temperature °C	Treatment
     All	All	1900	1040	Minimum heat treating temperature. Quench1,2
     	S31254	2100	1150	Minimum heat treating temperature. Quench1
     	S30815	1920	1050	Minimum heat treating temperature. Quench1
     	S24565	2050-2140	1120-1170	Minimum heat treating temperature. Quench1
     	N08367	2025	1107	Minimum heat treating temperature. Quench1

     Notes

     • All = All grades listed in the chemical composition table except those itemised in this table. 1 Quench in water or rapid cool by other means.

  2. For grades TP321, TP347 and TP348, if solution temperatures above 1950 °F (1065 °C) are used, lower temperature final stabilisation treatment may be specified (see Supplementary Requirement S5) to ensure intergranular corrosion resistance is not impaired.

Chemical Composition

		Composition Percentage, max or range
Grade	UNS	&DUERn C	0DQJDQHVe Mn	3KRVSKRUXs P	6XOSKXr S	6LOLFRn Si	1LFNHl Ni	&KURPLXm Cr	0RO\EGHQXm Mo	Note
TP304	S30400	0.08	2.00	0.045	0.030	0.75	8.00-11.0	18.0-20.0	–
TP304L	S30403	0.035	2.00	0.045	0.030	0.75	8.00-13.0	18.0-20.0	–
TP309Cb	S30940	0.08	2.00	0.045	0.030	0.75	12.0-16.0	22.0-24.0	0.75	1, 2
TP309S	S30908	0.08	2.00	0.045	0.030	0.75	12.0-15.0	22-24	0.75	2
TP310Cb	S31040	0.08	2.00	0.045	0.030	0.75	19.0-22.0	24.0-26.0	0.75	1, 2

TP310S	S31008	0.08	2.00	0.045	0.030	0.75	19.0-22.0	24.0-26.0	0.75	2
TP316	S31600	0.08	2.00	0.045	0.030	0.75	10.0-14.0	16.0-18.0	2.0-3.0
TP316L	S31603	0.035	2.00	0.045	0.030	0.75	10.0-15.0	16.0-18.0	2.0-3.0
TP317	S31700	0.08	2.00	0.045	0.030	0.75	11.0-14.0	18.0-20.0	3.0-4.0
TP321	S32100	0.08	2.00	0.045	0.030	0.75	9.00-13.0	17.0-20.0	–	3
TP347	S34700	0.08	2.00	0.045	0.030	0.75	9.00-13.0	17.0-20.0	–	4
TP348	S34800	0.08	2.00	0.045	0.030	0.75	9.00-13.0	17.0-20.0	–	5
	S31254	0.020	1.00	0.030	0.010	0.80	17.5-18.5	19.5-20.5	6.00-6.50	11
	S30815	0.05- 0.10	0.80	0.040	0.030	1.40- 2.00	10.0-12.0	20.0-22.0	–	6, 7
	S31725	0.03	2.00	0.045	0.030	0.75	13.5-17.5	18.0-20.0	4.0-5.0	2, 8
	S31726	0.03	2.00	0.045	0.030	0.75	13.5-17.5	17.0-20.0	4.0-5.0	9
	S24565	0.03	5.0-7.0	0.030	0.010	1.00	16.0-18.0	23.0-25.0	4.0-5.0	10
	N08367	0.030	2.00	0.040	0.030	1.00	23.50- 25.50	20.00- 22.00	6.00-7.00	12

Composition Notes

1 Niobium + Tantalum: 10 x Carbon min, 1.10% max 2 Copper 0.75% max

1. Titanium < 5 x Carbon, 0.7% max

2. Niobium + Tantalum < 10 x Carbon and 1.00% max

3. Niobium + Tantalum < 10 x Carbon and 1.00% max, Tantalum 0.10% max 6 Cerium 0.03-0.08%

7 Nitrogen 0.14-0.20%

1. Nitrogen 0.10% max

2. Nitrogen 0.10-0.20%, Copper 0.75% max

3. Nitrogen 0.4-0.6%, Niobium 0.1% max

11 Nitrogen 0.180-0.220%, Copper 0.50-1.00%

12 Copper 0.75% max, Nickel 0.18-0.25%

Note

• Niobium is sometimes referred to as Columbium.